What does a marine biologist do?
Marine biologists research sea creatures and ecosystems, from plankton to whales. They monitor fish stocks, study pollution and climate effects, and advise on conservation and sustainable fishing.
Salary
These are approximate UK figures for guidance only, not guaranteed salaries. Pay varies by employer, location and experience. Approximate. Check the National Careers Service and Prospects for current figures.
How do you become a marine biologist?
- A levels including biology
- Marine biology, biology or oceanography degree
- Master's or PhD often needed for research
- Marine Biologist
A relevant degree is essential and many roles expect postgraduate study. Practical skills like boat handling, diving qualifications and data analysis make you more competitive.
Routes vary. Always check entry requirements with course providers, employers and the relevant professional body.
Do you need a degree?
Usually required
Main routes in: A levels, Degree, Postgraduate degree.
Useful subjects
- Biology
- Chemistry
- Geography
- Maths
Skills you'll need
- Field survey skills
- Statistics and data analysis
- Scientific writing
- Practical seamanship
- Persistence
Where could you work?
- Research institutes
- Government agencies
- Conservation charities
- Aquaculture
- Consultancies
What is the work like?
A mix of boat or shore fieldwork, lab analysis and lots of computer work. Fieldwork can be physically demanding and depends on weather. Competition for jobs is strong.
Career progression
Researchers progress to senior scientist or lecturer; others move into marine policy, consultancy or conservation management.
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Written by the STEMLaunch Editorial Team. Last updated 2026-10-05. General careers information only; check details with official sources such as the National Careers Service, NHS Careers, UCAS and professional bodies.