Chemist

Chemists analyse what substances are made of and how they react. They develop medicines, materials, fuels and consumer products, and test quality and safety.

These are approximate UK figures for guidance only, not guaranteed salaries. Pay varies by employer, location and experience. Approximate. Check the National Careers Service and Prospects for current figures.

1. A levels including chemistry and usually maths
2. Chemistry degree or laboratory scientist degree apprenticeship
3. Chemist role
4. Optional professional registration

A chemistry degree is the usual route, with an integrated Master's or PhD common for research. Laboratory scientist degree apprenticeships offer a paid alternative.

Routes vary. Always check entry requirements with course providers, employers and the relevant professional body.

Usually required

Main routes in: A levels, Degree, Apprenticeship, Postgraduate degree.

• Chemistry
• Maths
• Physics
• Biology

• Lab technique
• Analytical instruments
• Problem-solving
• Health and safety
• Data analysis

• Pharmaceuticals
• Chemicals
• Energy
• Consumer goods
• Universities

Mostly laboratory work using instruments such as chromatography and spectroscopy, alongside data analysis and reports.

Chemists move into senior research, analytical or quality roles, project leadership, regulatory affairs or management.

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