What does a data scientist do?
Data scientists build statistical and machine learning models to solve problems, such as forecasting demand, detecting fraud or personalising recommendations.
Salary
These are approximate UK figures for guidance only, not guaranteed salaries. Pay varies by employer, location and experience. Approximate. Check the National Careers Service, Prospects and job adverts for current figures.
How do you become a data scientist?
- A levels including maths
- Maths, statistics, computing, physics or similar degree
- Optional Master's or data science apprenticeship
- Data Scientist
Most data scientists have a numerate degree, often with a Master's. Level 6 and 7 data science apprenticeships offer an alternative, and some analysts progress in-house.
Routes vary. Always check entry requirements with course providers, employers and the relevant professional body.
Do you need a degree?
Usually required
Main routes in: A levels, Degree, Postgraduate degree, Apprenticeship.
Useful subjects
- Maths
- Further maths
- Computing
- Physics
Skills you'll need
- Python or R
- Statistics
- Machine learning
- SQL
- Communication
Where could you work?
- Tech
- Finance
- Healthcare
- Retail
- Government
What is the work like?
Computer-based, usually hybrid, combining coding, experimentation and explaining results to non-technical colleagues.
Career progression
Progress to senior or lead data scientist, ML engineer or head of data.
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Written by the STEMLaunch Editorial Team. Last updated 2026-10-05. General careers information only; check details with official sources such as the National Careers Service, NHS Careers, UCAS and professional bodies.